{"id":8607,"date":"2022-04-21T21:47:16","date_gmt":"2022-04-21T14:47:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/se.dotv.vn\/?p=8607"},"modified":"2022-06-17T05:44:03","modified_gmt":"2022-06-16T22:44:03","slug":"tinh-huong-sri-lanka-vo-no","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/se.dotv.vn\/vi\/tinh-huong-sri-lanka-vo-no\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng – Sri Lanka v\u1ee1 n\u1ee3"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y d\u1ea1ng Newsclip<\/em> (20\/04\/2022)<\/p>\n

SRI LANKA V\u1ee0 N\u1ee2<\/h2>\n

Ch\u00e2u V\u0103n Th\u00e0nh<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean Kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc, Khoa Kinh t\u1ebf, Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Kinh t\u1ebf, Lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Dubai Palace. Email: thanhcv@dotv.vn. T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng d\u00f9ng cho gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u.<\/em><\/p>\n

Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/h3>\n

Ng\u00e0y 12\/4\/2022, Sri Lanka tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1ee1 n\u1ee3. M\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n. R\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c \u0111ang ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1n t\u00ean v\u00e0o danh s\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng mong \u0111\u1ee3i n\u00e0y. S\u1ef1 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch COVID-19 l\u00ean s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t leo thang, gi\u00e1 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c, l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t lan tr\u00e0n kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i \u0111e d\u1ecda s\u1ef1 h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c mong manh c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u0111em ra ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua; nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia l\u00e2u nay g\u00e1nh tr\u00ean m\u00ecnh c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u00ecnh to, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 n\u1ee3 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, s\u1ef1 y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m c\u1ee7a cung c\u00e1ch qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac kinh t\u1ebf v\u0129 m\u00f4 c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u201cc\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t\u201d c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n b\u00ecnh \u1ed5n kinh t\u1ebf v\u0129 m\u00f4 tr\u00ean b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u1eebng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ri\u00eang l\u1ebb. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng trung \u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1edbn m\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 C\u1ee5c D\u1ef1 tr\u1eef Li\u00ean bang Hoa K\u1ef3 (Fed) tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7, t\u0103ng l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t nh\u1eb1m kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t \u0111ang l\u00e0m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng th\u00eam g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng n\u1ee3 n\u1ea7n v\u00e0 nguy c\u01a1 v\u1ee1 n\u1ee3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ngh\u00e8o, n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ec7, Sri Lanka h\u1eadu v\u1ee1 n\u1ee3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n d\u00e0i v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c, \u201cli\u1ec1u thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1eafng\u201d c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed vai m\u01b0\u1ee3n t\u0103ng cao \u1edf c\u1ea3 t\u1ea7m qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u Sri Lanka v\u1ee1 n\u1ee3 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n m\u1edbi m\u1ebb \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta? N\u1ebfu th\u1ebf th\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc r\u00fat ra t\u1eeb c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1ng gi\u00e1 hay ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng?<\/em><\/p>\n

L\u1eddi c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ef9 Ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (IMF)<\/h3>\n

Theo b\u1ea3n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ef9 Ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (IMF) \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Sri Lanka<\/a> th\u00e1ng 3\/2022, nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng; trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 n\u1ee3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f3m t\u1eaft nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh b\u1edfi \u0110\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch COVID-19, su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, Sri Lanka c\u00f2n ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec1u c\u00fa s\u1ed1c t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i do n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng kinh t\u1ebf y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro cao v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a n\u1ee3.<\/em> T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng th\u00eam do h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 n\u0103m 2019 v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m thu\u1ebf quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2019; c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda kinh t\u1ebf t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m ngu\u1ed3n thu du l\u1ecbch; gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ngu\u1ed3n vay qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf t\u1eeb th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00e1i phi\u1ebfu ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 GDP th\u1ef1c s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m 3,6% v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2020; th\u00e2m h\u1ee5t t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a h\u00e0ng n\u0103m v\u01b0\u1ee3t 10% n\u0103m 2020 v\u00e0 2021; ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng trung \u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch nh\u1eb1m b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf k\u00e9o theo n\u1ee3 c\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh t\u0103ng t\u1eeb 94% n\u0103m 2019 l\u00ean 119% n\u0103m 2021; c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n thanh to\u00e1n d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 n\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 b\u1eb1ng ngo\u1ea1i h\u1ed1i v\u00e0 th\u00e2m h\u1ee5t c\u00e1n c\u00e2n v\u00e3ng lai c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn d\u1ea7n l\u00e0m cho t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t ngo\u1ea1i h\u1ed1i th\u00eam tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng; t\u1ef7 gi\u00e1 h\u1ed1i \u0111o\u00e1i c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00f4 la k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 4\/2021 xem ra kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh kinh t\u1ebf v\u0129 m\u00f4 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn s\u1ebd ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec1u \u00e1p l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb di\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh n\u1ee3 n\u1ea7n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nhu c\u1ea7u t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 c\u00e1n c\u00e2n thanh to\u00e1n qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i.<\/em> T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng GDP s\u1ebd ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c t\u1eeb t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t ngo\u1ea1i h\u1ed1i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng trong c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf v\u0129 m\u00f4, gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Dubai Palace casino thể thao, casino, slot game, bắn cá, xổ số x\u1ea5u \u0111i. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau 4-6% s\u1edbm b\u1ecb v\u1ee1 tr\u1eadn v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 14% (c\u00f9ng k\u1ef3) v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 1\/2022, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 s\u1ebd duy tr\u00ec \u1edf m\u1ee9c 2 con s\u1ed1 trong c\u00e1c qu\u00fd ti\u1ebfp theo do \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t \u1edf c\u1ea3 ph\u00eda cung v\u00e0 ph\u00eda c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa n\u0103m 2021. V\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c cam k\u1ebft gi\u1ea3m thu\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, th\u00e2m h\u1ee5t ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2022-2026, l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng n\u1ee3 c\u00f4ng trong trung h\u1ea1n. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, do g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 n\u1ee3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9, d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef ngo\u1ea1i h\u1ed1i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 can thi\u1ec7p b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan ch\u1ee9c tr\u00e1ch nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m duy tr\u00ec vi\u1ec7c t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 ngu\u1ed3n ngo\u1ea1i h\u1ed1i t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

B\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u0169ng cho th\u1ea5y t\u00ednh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u r\u1ee7i ro \u0111i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ee5t\u00a0 d\u1ed1c kinh t\u1ebf<\/em>. Tr\u1eeb phi c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 c\u00e1n c\u00e2n thanh to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng, b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n, hay s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u00e0 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng trung \u01b0\u01a1ng duy tr\u00ec t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 th\u00e2m h\u1ee5t ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00eam b\u1edfi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t COVID-19, gi\u00e1 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n gia t\u0103ng, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng x\u1ea5u \u0111i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft c\u1ef1c \u0111oan xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u. Kh\u00f4ng lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1ea1c quan do s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a du l\u1ecbch v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng v\u1ed1n FDI \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 nhanh h\u01a1n d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9u v\u00e3n ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, IMF nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh n\u1ee3 c\u00f4ng Sri Lanka \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u201ckh\u00f4ng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng\u201d v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef ngo\u1ea1i h\u1ed1i qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ee3 trong ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n<\/em>.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh t\u00f3m l\u01b0\u1ee3c qua d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb B\u1ea3ng 1 \u2013 Sri Lanka: C\u00e1c Ch\u1ec9 b\u00e1o Kinh t\u1ebf Ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2018-2022<\/em>. Theo \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 n\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec1u v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa so v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c T\u01b0 v\u1ea5n Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u1edf B\u1ea3ng 2 \u2013 Ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng n\u1ee3 v\u00e0 C\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu theo Khung n\u1ee3 B\u1ec1n v\u1eefng (DSF)<\/em> (Xem Ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c<\/a>)<\/p>\n

Di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn<\/h3>\n

Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea3o Sri Lanka v\u1edbi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 kho\u1ea3ng 22 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, quy m\u00f4 GDP n\u0103m 2021 l\u00e0 81 t\u1ef7 USD \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1ee1 n\u1ee3 v\u1edbi con s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5ng n\u1ee3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i 51 t\u1ef7 USD v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 12\/4\/2022. Hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1948. Gi\u1edbi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch cho r\u1eb1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kinh t\u1ebf v\u0129 m\u00f4 y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m v\u00e0 vay n\u1ee3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n. Th\u01b0\u1eddng thi m\u1ed7i khi m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia r\u01a1i v\u00e0o kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng hay v\u1ee1 n\u1ee3, c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ba g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9: (1) C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf; (2) C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng; v\u00e0 (3) C\u00e1c nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Li\u1ec7u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ee1 n\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a Sri Lanka c\u00f3 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y?<\/p>\n

K\u00e9o d\u00e0i su\u1ed1t m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp ni\u00ean qua, Sri Lanka li\u00ean t\u1ee5c vay n\u1ee3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng trong khi c\u00e1n c\u00e2n v\u00e3ng lai v\u00e0 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch th\u00e2m h\u1ee5t tri\u1ec1n mi\u00ean v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao, d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef ngo\u1ea1i h\u1ed1i th\u1ea5p. \u0110\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch COVID-19 \u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn, nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1eadn thi\u00ean tai, c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn Nga \u2013 Ukraine, r\u1ed3i l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u0103m 2021. Sri Lanka t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ef1 c\u1ea5p l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u g\u1ea1o v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t nhi\u1ec1u h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c, l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c l\u00ean m\u1ee9c 18,3% th\u00e1ng 3\/2022; c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 ch\u00e8, cao su b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Du l\u1ecbch s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m ngu\u1ed3n thu l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y th\u00eam th\u1ea5m \u0111\u00f2n. Ng\u00e0nh du l\u1ecbch Sri Lanka \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 12% GDP v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ngu\u1ed3n thu ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 n\u0103m c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf n\u00e0y. Hi\u1ec7n ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ngu\u1ed3n thu do \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch COVID-19. N\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf Sri Lanka v\u1ed1n d\u0129 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ngu\u1ed3n thu ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3 ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u00ea li\u1ec7t. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m thu\u1ebf, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 m\u1ea5t \u0111i ngu\u1ed3n thu trong khi ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng chi ti\u00eau ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u tr\u1ee3 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb h\u1ea1 b\u1eadc x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng t\u00edn nhi\u1ec7m xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ee9c \u201cg\u1ea7n v\u1ee1 n\u1ee3\u201d l\u00e0m cho n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y kh\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ngu\u1ed3n vay qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf khi\u1ebfn Sri Lanka ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n bi\u1ebft d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ngu\u1ed3n d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef ngo\u1ea1i h\u1ed1i \u00edt \u1ecfi \u0111\u1ec3 thanh to\u00e1n n\u1ee3 c\u00f4ng. Kinh nghi\u1ec7m qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf cho th\u1ea5y, ngay c\u1ea3 khi ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ngu\u1ed3n vay qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf th\u00ec chi ph\u00ed vay s\u1ebd gia t\u0103ng r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh sau c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y. H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef ngo\u1ea1i h\u1ed1i v\u1ed1n d\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m nhanh ch\u00f3ng t\u1eeb 6,9 t\u1ef7 USD n\u0103m 2018 xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 2,2 t\u1ef7 USD \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2022, trong khi d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i thanh to\u00e1n 4 t\u1ef7 USD n\u1ee3 ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang n\u0103m 2022 (bao g\u1ed3m 1 t\u1ef7 USD tr\u00e1i phi\u1ebfu qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1o h\u1ea1n v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 7\/2022), trong khi th\u00e2m h\u1ee5t th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i n\u0103m 2021 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 10 t\u1ef7 USD.<\/p>\n

Khan hi\u1ebfm ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u x\u0103ng d\u1ea7u (trong khi gi\u00e1 m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu kh\u00e1c. Th\u00e1ng 3\/2022, Sri Lanka quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ea3 n\u1ed5i rupee – N\u1ed9i t\u1ec7 m\u1ea5t gi\u00e1 so v\u1edbi USD l\u00e0m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng th\u00eam l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u1ec1 g\u00f3i c\u1ee9u tr\u1ee3 t\u1eeb IMF. H\u1ecd cho r\u1eb1ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ea3 n\u1ed5i rupee s\u1ebd g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ki\u1ec1u h\u1ed1i v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn kho\u1ea3n vay t\u1eeb IMF.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Sri Lanka l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn. S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng, h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a khan hi\u1ebfm, l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t t\u0103ng cao, c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n chung th\u00eam ch\u1eadt v\u1eadt<\/p>\n

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Kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea9y Sri Lanka v\u00e0o c\u1ea3nh v\u1ee1 n\u1ee3 <\/strong><\/p>\n

… V\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, nhi\u1ec1u c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y t\u1ee7 l\u1ea1nh, \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a hay qu\u1ea1t \u0111i\u1ec7n. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m x\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea5n an kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u2013 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i ch\u1edd h\u00e0ng gi\u1edd trong c\u00e1i n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean CNN, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef t\u1ea1i Colombo cho bi\u1ebft ch\u1edd mua gas \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ea5u c\u01a1m cho c\u1ea3 nh\u00e0. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c than th\u1edf gi\u00e1 b\u00e1nh m\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c t\u00e0i x\u1ebf taxi cho bi\u1ebft vi\u1ec7c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf x\u0103ng b\u00e1n ra khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd kh\u00f3 ki\u1ebfm s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf ti\u1ebfn tho\u00e1i l\u01b0\u1ee1ng nan, khi v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nu\u00f4i gia \u0111\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i x\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng ch\u1edd mua nhu y\u1ebfu ph\u1ea9m. K\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u1ed9c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp trung l\u01b0u, c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m c\u0169ng n\u1ed5i gi\u1eadn v\u00ec lo h\u1ebft thu\u1ed1c hay gas. Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 Colombo th\u00ec th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean b\u1ecb c\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 n\u01a1i t\u1edbi 10 gi\u1edd m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

\u2026 (Tr\u00edch VNExpress<\/a>)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

C\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 n\u1ee3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a Sri Lanka bao g\u1ed3m Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Nh\u1eadt, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u00e2u \u00c1 (ADB). Ngay chi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y 12\/4, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n g\u00f3i c\u1ee9u tr\u1ee3 t\u1eeb IMF, Sri Lanka \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 n\u1ee3<\/a> c\u1ed9ng d\u1ed3n c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n l\u00e3i ch\u01b0a tr\u1ea3 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n vay \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ea1n thanh to\u00e1n, ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ecdn nh\u1eadn l\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3n cho vay g\u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ec1n rupee c\u1ee7a Sri Lanka.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y 13\/4\/2022, m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y sau khi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1ee1 n\u1ee3, Th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1c Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng Sri Lanka ra l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi ki\u1ec1u b\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch g\u1eedi ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc, g\u00f3p s\u1ee9c mua l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ef1c, nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c men c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Tuy v\u1eady, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 nghi ng\u1edd li\u1ec7u r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 d\u00f9ng s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n n\u00e0y hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang cam k\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

Vay qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 v\u1ee1 n\u1ee3\u00a0<\/h3>\n

Vay n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u<\/a> ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd sai l\u1ea7m<\/a> \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ngu\u1ed3n thu theo ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00fd do \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111em ra b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn l\u00fac n\u00e0y. \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1edb tr\u00eau l\u00e0 trong nh\u1eefng l\u00fac \u201cy\u00ean b\u00ecnh\u201d, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u1edf Sri Lanka m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 h\u01a1n m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa vay v\u00e0 v\u1ee1 n\u1ee3 \u1edf \u0111\u1ea3o qu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng l\u01b0\u1ee3c qua l\u1ecbch s\u1eed kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Sri Lanka.<\/p>\n

Quy m\u00f4 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf Sri Lanka v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c GDP l\u00e0 81 t\u1ef7 USD (2021), v\u1edbi c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u GDP c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 (du l\u1ecbch, khai th\u00e1c c\u1ea3ng bi\u1ec3n, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin…), c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 59,2%, 27,4% v\u00e0 7,4%.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ngay sau n\u0103m 1948, GDP v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a Sri Lanka ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu nh\u1edd v\u00e0o n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 ch\u00e8, c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, cao su v\u00e0 gia v\u1ecb. Thu nh\u1eadp ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y d\u00f9ng trang tr\u1ea3i nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu. Ch\u00e8 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u chi\u1ebfm 23% th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u ch\u00e8 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1995. Thu nh\u1eadp xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u ch\u00e8 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 1,3 t\u1ef7 USD n\u0103m 2021.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, d\u1ec7t may v\u00e0 vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 2000. Ngu\u1ed3n thu ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung t\u1eeb du l\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ki\u1ec1u h\u1ed1i b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m may m\u1eb7c. N\u0103m 2020, doanh thu xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u d\u1ec7t may \u0111\u1ea1t 4,4 t\u1ef7 USD. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 2004, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Sri Lanka, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ef1c thi ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c c\u00fa s\u1ed1c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, nh\u01b0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1 d\u1ea7u ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p. Nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3n chi ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch l\u1edbn d\u00f9ng nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu kh\u00e1c. T\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n chi n\u00e0y, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 in th\u00eam 65 t\u1ef7 rupee (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng 650 tri\u1ec7u USD) v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 18% n\u0103m 2005.<\/p>\n

N\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn v\u00e0o xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 d\u1ec7t may c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00fa s\u1ed1c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i g\u00e2y \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u00ean d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef ngo\u1ea1i h\u1ed1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1n c\u00e2n thanh to\u00e1n. Sri Lanka bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. Ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang IMF \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn 16 kho\u1ea3n vay k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb 1965 \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u00e0 \u0111ang \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n cho kho\u1ea3n vay th\u1ee9 17. \u1ee8ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i kho\u1ea3n vay, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i ng\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ng\u1eb7t ngh\u00e8o nh\u01b0 c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m th\u00e2m h\u1ee5t ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch, th\u1eaft ch\u1eb7t ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7, gi\u1ea3m tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, ph\u00e1 gi\u00e1 n\u1ed9i t\u1ec7 nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ngu\u1ed3n thu \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Tuy v\u1eady, m\u1ed7i khi kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, Sri Lanka l\u1ea1i b\u01a1m th\u00eam ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0o n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. D\u00f9 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a IMF nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n vay v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n \u2013 t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n n\u00e0y hay ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 n\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a Sri Lanka n\u1ed1i d\u00e0i ra v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 2005, Trung Qu\u1ed1c cung c\u1ea5p li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n cho vay h\u00e0o ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ebfn Sri Lanka t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng (trung t\u00e2m kinh t\u1ebf ven bi\u1ec3n, c\u1ea3ng bi\u1ec3n, s\u00e2n bay…). Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t sinh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nghi v\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh l\u1eddi v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3. N\u0103m 2017, Sri Lanka m\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thanh to\u00e1n 1,4 t\u1ef7 USD v\u00e0 bu\u1ed9c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn cho Trung Qu\u1ed1c thu\u00ea l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3ng Hambantota trong 99 n\u0103m. Nghi v\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3 c\u0169ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed5i l\u00ean t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfp theo t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c c\u00fa s\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf v\u1ed1n d\u0129 d\u1ec5 v\u1ee1 n\u00e0y. Lo\u1ea1t v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1nh bom kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u1edd, kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n \u1edf Colombo th\u00e1ng 4\/2019 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng ng\u00e0nh du l\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n thu ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 t\u1eeb du l\u1ecbch. Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m thu\u1ebf quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn l\u1ebd ra n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c gi\u00fap kinh t\u1ebf ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i nh\u01b0ng h\u00f3a ra l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 t\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3. (Thu\u1ebf gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m t\u1eeb 15% xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 8%. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ebf gi\u00e1n thu kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 thu\u1ebf x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng qu\u1ed1c gia, thu\u1ebf tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00ed d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e3i b\u1ecf. Thu\u1ebf doanh nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea3m t\u1eeb 28% xu\u1ed1ng 24%. Kho\u1ea3ng 2% GDP \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t thu do c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee3t c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m thu\u1ebf n\u00e0y). \u0110\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch COVID-19 b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 3\/2020, kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda v\u00e0 x\u00f3a s\u1ed5 ngu\u1ed3n thu du l\u1ecbch. Th\u00e1ng 4\/2021, n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng t\u1eeb quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5m nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc (h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ec1n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u1eefu c\u01a1 100%) c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 (7 th\u00e1ng sau \u0111\u00f3, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y b\u1ecb r\u00fat l\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u1ec5 v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn); ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c ch\u00e8 v\u00e0 cao su b\u1ecb t\u00e1c d\u1ed9ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng; Sri Lanka chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb t\u1ef1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t sang nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u g\u1ea1o; b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf khan hi\u1ebfm h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7n ra r\u00f5 d\u1ea7n. Nhu c\u1ea7u nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu gia t\u0103ng song h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi khan hi\u1ebfm ngo\u1ea1i h\u1ed1i v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n thu ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t.\u00a0<\/p>\n

T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2021, Sri Lank n\u1ee3 kho\u1ea3ng 12,55 t\u1ef7 USD tr\u00e1i phi\u1ebfu ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (ISB) (chi\u1ebfm t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng cao nh\u1ea5t) trong t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 35 t\u1ef7 USD n\u1ee3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. S\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2020 cho th\u1ea5y, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u1ee3 trong t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Sri Lanka \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh tr\u00e1i phi\u1ebfu qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 10%, 11% v\u00e0 30%.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e1ng 2\/2022, t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ea5p \u0111i k\u00e8m l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t l\u00ean m\u1ee9c 17,5% \u0111\u1ea9y n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf d\u1ea7n \u0111i v\u00e0o kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 duy tr\u00ec nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1ng trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n, tranh mua h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, thi\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1eafp s\u00e1ng do kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp d\u1ea7u v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00e1t, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 x\u0103ng d\u1ea7u cho c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 thu\u1ed1c men v\u00e0 v\u1eadt t\u01b0 y t\u1ebf. L\u00e0n s\u00f3ng bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n gia t\u0103ng th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111\u00f2i ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9c.\u00a0<\/p>\n

N\u0103m 2022, \u01b0\u1edbc kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i Sri Lanka ph\u1ea3i thanh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ea1n l\u00e0 4 t\u1ef7 USD, bao g\u1ed3m kho\u1ea3n tr\u00e1i phi\u1ebfu qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf 1 t\u1ef7 USD \u0111\u00e1o h\u1ea1n th\u00e1ng 7\/2022. T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 c\u1ea7n tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3 trong n\u0103m \u01b0\u1edbc l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 7 t\u1ef7 USD; trong khi \u0111\u00f3, d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef ngo\u1ea1i h\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 3\/2022 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n v\u1ecfn v\u1eb9n 1,9 t\u1ef7 USD. Ng\u00e0y 12\/4\/2022, Sri Lanka tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1ee1 n\u1ee3. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ee3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb sau n\u0103m 1948.<\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch t\u1eebng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ee1 n\u1ee3 kh\u00e1c. Tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t b\u00e1o nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u1eabn th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn kh\u00e1 quen thu\u1ed9c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0: (1) ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Sri Lanka ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c; l\u1ebd ra n\u00ean t\u1eadp trung s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean c\u1ea5m nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc; (2) \u0111\u00e1ng l\u1ebd c\u1ea7n t\u1eadp trung nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n cho k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i du l\u1ecbch sau \u0110\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch; kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean th\u1ef1c thi ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m thu\u1ebf quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn n\u0103m 2019 v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n duy tr\u00ec t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u1edbi IMF; (3) Sri Lanka n\u00ean t\u1ef1 tr\u00e1ch m\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean v\u00ec n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd; (4) \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean n\u00fai n\u1ee3 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3, d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef ngo\u1ea1i h\u1ed1i y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t, l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t t\u0103ng cao, \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u1ed9i t\u1ec7 m\u1ea5t gi\u00e1,…th\u00ec Sri Lanka kh\u00f3 l\u00f2ng tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng;…\u00a0<\/p>\n

Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, Trung Qu\u1ed1c – ch\u1ee7 n\u1ee3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 h\u00e0o ph\u00f3ng, h\u1ee9a s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c h\u1ebft m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap Sri Lanka ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 cam k\u1ebft c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c cho vay m\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u00e3i c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n vay.<\/p>\n

\n

Ganeshan Wignaraja, chuy\u00ean gia t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia Singapore (NUS), cho r\u1eb1ng B\u1eafc Kinh \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf “ti\u1ebfn tho\u00e1i l\u01b0\u1ee1ng nan” v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Colombo. “Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n m\u1ea5t ti\u1ec1n”, \u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh. “N\u1ebfu Trung Qu\u1ed1c cung c\u1ea5p g\u00f3i c\u1ee9u tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho Sri Lanka, c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 trong s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn V\u00e0nh \u0111ai v\u00e0 Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a ra y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1”. Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n trong chi ti\u00eau cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n thu\u1ed9c s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn “V\u00e0nh \u0111ai v\u00e0 Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/a>” k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch Covid-19 b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch “ngo\u1ea1i giao b\u1eaby n\u1ee3<\/a>“. (Tr\u00edch VNExpress<\/a>)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Sri Lanka v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi b\u1ed9n b\u1ec1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c tr\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y v\u1eabn xoay x\u1edf t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ch\u1ee7 n\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c g\u00f3i vay gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Th\u1ebf m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft, v\u1ee1 n\u1ee3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ch\u00e2m ng\u00f2i t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi m\u00e0 c\u00f2n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac kinh t\u1ebf v\u0129 m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai ch\u1edd \u0111\u00f3n m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ee1 n\u1ee3 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn<\/h3>\n
    \n
  1. Theo b\u1ea1n, nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 v\u1ee1 n\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a Sri Lanka l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/li>\n
  2. Li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0o m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00fat ra cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam nh\u1eb1m tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5c tr\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai kh\u00f4ng?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c<\/h3>\n

    B\u1ea3ng 1 \u2013 Sri Lanka: C\u00e1c Ch\u1ec9 b\u00e1o Kinh t\u1ebf Ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2018-2022<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \"\"Ngu\u1ed3n: IMF (3\/2022)<\/p>\n

    B\u1ea3ng 2 \u2013 Ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng n\u1ee3 v\u00e0 C\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu theo Khung n\u1ee3 B\u1ec1n v\u1eefng (DSF)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \n

     <\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    PV of external debt in percent of<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    External Debt service in percent of<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    PV of total public debt in percent of<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    \n

    GDP<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    Exports<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    Export<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    Revenue<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    GDP<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    \n

    Weak<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    30<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    140<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    10<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    14<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    35<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    \n

    Medium<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    40<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    180<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    15<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    18<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    55<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

    \n

    Strong<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    50<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    240<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    21<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    23<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

    		\n

    70<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    Ngu\u1ed3n: IMF<\/a> (2021)<\/p>\n

    Ghi ch\u00fa:<\/u><\/em> Xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ea5p (LICs) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi n\u1ee3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i l\u1edbn. Th\u00e1ng 4\/2005, Qu\u1ef9 Ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (IMF) v\u00e0 Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WB) \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u Khung B\u1ec1n v\u1eefng N\u1ee3 (Debt Sustainability Framework-DSF) nh\u1eb1m h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111i vay v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 n\u1ee3 tr\u00e1nh r\u01a1i v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng nguy c\u01a1 v\u1ee1 n\u1ee3 v\u00e0 vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. DSF \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3; l\u1ea7n g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 9\/2017 v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 7\/2018.<\/p>\n

    \n

    Newsclip:<\/span><\/em> K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p hay tr\u00edch d\u1eabn c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 b\u00e0i b\u00e1o th\u1eddi s\u1ef1 ng\u1eafn c\u00f3 th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y d\u1ea1ng Newsclip (20\/04\/2022) SRI LANKA V\u1ee0 N\u1ee2 Ch\u00e2u V\u0103n Th\u00e0nh Gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean Kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc, Khoa Kinh t\u1ebf, Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Kinh t\u1ebf, Lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Dubai Palace. Email: thanhcv@dotv.vn. T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng d\u00f9ng cho gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u Ng\u00e0y 12\/4\/2022, Sri Lanka tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1ee1 n\u1ee3.","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8621,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[515,107],"tags":[440,663,665],"acf":[],"lang":"vi","translations":{"vi":8607},"pll_sync_post":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/se.dotv.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8607"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/se.dotv.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/se.dotv.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/se.dotv.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/se.dotv.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8607"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/se.dotv.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8607\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8622,"href":"https:\/\/se.dotv.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8607\/revisions\/8622"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/se.dotv.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8621"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/se.dotv.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8607"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/se.dotv.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8607"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/se.dotv.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8607"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}