{"id":8194,"date":"2021-12-28T16:22:50","date_gmt":"2021-12-28T09:22:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/se.dotv.vn\/?p=8194"},"modified":"2022-03-29T07:14:10","modified_gmt":"2022-03-29T00:14:10","slug":"chinh-sach-lao-dong-viec-lam-cho-tp-hcm-trong-giai-doan-sau-gian-cach","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/se.dotv.vn\/vi\/chinh-sach-lao-dong-viec-lam-cho-tp-hcm-trong-giai-doan-sau-gian-cach\/","title":{"rendered":"Ch\u00ednh S\u00e1ch Lao \u0110\u1ed9ng Vi\u1ec7c L\u00e0m Cho TP. HCM Trong Giai \u0110o\u1ea1n Sau Gi\u00e3n C\u00e1ch"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh sau gi\u00e3n c\u00e1ch x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n nay. Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn, s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. Nh\u00f3m t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 cung v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m hi\u1ec7n nay, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch lao \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n cho Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh trong th\u1eddi gian s\u1eafp t\u1edbi.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

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B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m sau gi\u00e3n c\u00e1ch<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sau 4 th\u00e1ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n gi\u00e3n c\u00e1ch, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi t\u1eeb ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft 128\/NQ-CP, c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf \u0111ang t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i. Tuy v\u1eady, v\u1ec1 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 nguy c\u01a1 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf. Theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn 59% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 t\u1eeb 15 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf l\u00ean \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c \u0110\u00f4ng Nam B\u1ed9 (\u0110NB) v\u00e0 45% \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long (\u0110BSCL). C\u0169ng \u1edf hai khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat trong s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u1edf qu\u00fd III\/2021 so v\u1edbi qu\u00fd II\/2021 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 14.7% v\u00e0 8.7%, trong khi thu nh\u1eadp b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ea3m l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t 30% v\u00e0 14% trong c\u00f9ng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c: COVID-19 \ud83e\udc6a gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed5ng c\u1ea7u\/gi\u1ea3m n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ee9t g\u00e3y chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng \ud83e\udc6a m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, thu nh\u1eadp \ud83e\udc6a gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed5ng c\u1ea7u \ud83e\udc6a \u0111\u00ecnh tr\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \ud83e\udc6a m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, thu nh\u1eadp\u00a0 \ud83e\udc6a gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed5ng c\u1ea7u \u2026<\/p>\n

Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0y, ngu\u00f4\u0300n lao \u0111\u00f4\u0323ng la\u0300 v\u00e2\u0301n \u0111\u00ea\u0300 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh (TP. HCM) \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng khi 1,3 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea v\u00e0 2,5 tri\u1ec7u lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eebng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. Th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft s\u00e1ch ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi t\u1eeb ph\u00eda c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 thu h\u00fat l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00e0u kinh t\u1ebf ph\u00eda Nam nh\u1eb1m duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn kinh t\u1ebf, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00eau tr\u00ean c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean cung v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u. Cung v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u lao \u0111\u1ed9ng do m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. Trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u0300 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng cung c\u1ea7u lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. Trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ee9t g\u00e3y lu\u1ed3ng di chuy\u1ec3n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, nhu c\u1ea7u lao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb kh\u1ed1i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch qu\u1ea3n kinh t\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n do ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian, \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m COVID-19 b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t di\u0323ch, nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea7n can thi\u1ec7p gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00eda c\u1ea7u lao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

Theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Ph\u00f2ng Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam (VCCI), c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p (DN) \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u0103ng cao trong \u0111\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n quan tr\u1ecdng. Ngu\u1ed3n t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng l\u00ean c\u1ee7a (i) gi\u00e1 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n; (ii) chi ph\u00ed s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng (ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ngh\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u201c3 t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7\u201d, \u2026) v\u00e0 (iii) chi ph\u00ed an to\u00e0n v\u1ec7 sinh lao \u0111\u1ed9ng (kh\u1eed khu\u1ea9n, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ph\u00f2ng d\u1ecbch, gi\u00e3n c\u00e1ch, x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m, \u2026).<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh 3 t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p (Ngu\u1ed3n \u1ea3nh: B\u00e1o Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng)<\/em><\/p>\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed, DN c\u00f2n g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7; \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u; k\u00fd k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd; \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Dubai Palace casino thể thao, casino, slot game, bắn cá, xổ số (SXKD). V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 gi\u1eef ch\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u DN \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m ng\u00e0nh d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p an to\u00e0n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c DN th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1edf n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tuy v\u1eady t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u00ecn chung c\u00f2n th\u1ea5p. C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p g\u1ed3m: (i) nh\u00f3m bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p theo khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf (54% DN th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n); (ii) c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p an to\u00e0n t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1i DN (x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 45% DN th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n); (iii) tri\u1ec3n khai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c m\u1edbi (d\u01b0\u1edbi 50% DN th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n) v\u00e0 (iv) h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ti\u00eam ph\u00f2ng (28% DN th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n).<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eb1m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c DN trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh tuy v\u1eady t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00f2n th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ch\u01b0a cao. Ba nh\u00f3m ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o bao g\u1ed3m: (i) h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u1ec1 thu\u1ebf (gi\u1ea3m thu\u1ebf TNDN, GTGT, TNCN, ti\u1ec1n thu\u00ea \u0111\u1ea5t, \u2026); (ii) h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u1ec1 v\u1ed1n v\u00e0 t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng (c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u l\u1ea1i th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3; mi\u1ec5n, gi\u1ea3m l\u00e3i, ph\u00ed; gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean nh\u00f3m n\u1ee3, \u2026) v\u00e0 (iii) h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u1ec1 an sinh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i (gi\u1ea3m m\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m tai n\u1ea1n, qu\u1ef9 h\u01b0u tr\u00ed, cho DN vay tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u1eebng vi\u1ec7c, \u2026). T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c DN \u1edf m\u1ed7i nh\u00f3m ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ch\u1ec9 kho\u1ea3ng 25-35% v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 10% trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00eda cung lao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eeb qu\u00fd IV\/2020 \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00fd III\/2021, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee3t d\u1ecbch th\u1ee9 III v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 IV \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c k\u00e9o t\u1ed5ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m t\u1eeb m\u1ee9c 50.9 v\u1ec1 47.2 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Trong s\u1ed1 1.3 tri\u1ec7u lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh \u0111\u00e3 r\u1eddi TP. HCM, d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o 377 ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd quay l\u1ea1i trong qu\u00fd IV\/2021; 520 ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi quay l\u1ea1i sau t\u1ebft; 140 ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng quay l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 230 ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

Theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t nh\u00f3m lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 r\u1eddi TP. HCM ho\u1eb7c khu v\u1ef1c \u0110NB, c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong vi\u1ec7c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng quay l\u1ea1i n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c bao g\u1ed3m: \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp; \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n y t\u1ebf; \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 sinh ho\u1ea1t; \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i v\u00e0 th\u00f3i quen c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t c\u0169ng lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi quay l\u1ea1i TP. HCM li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 gi\u00e3n c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh; vi\u1ec7c \u0111i l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00f2ng d\u1ecbch; nh\u00e0 \u1edf v\u00e0 sinh ho\u1ea1t; v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 xin vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111i h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f2n \u1edf l\u1ea1i TP. HCM ho\u1eb7c khu v\u1ef1c \u0110NB, m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 ngh\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n sang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ngh\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u00e0 21.6% \u1edf nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c to\u00e0n th\u1eddi gian; 43.5% \u1edf nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1n th\u1eddi gian; 70.3% \u1edf nh\u00f3m l\u00e0m thu\u00ea m\u01b0\u1edbn v\u00e0 45.7% \u1edf nh\u00f3m Dubai Palace casino thể thao, casino, slot game, bắn cá, xổ số t\u1ef1 do. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n sang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 21.6%, 30.4%, 16.2% v\u00e0 25.7% t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi b\u1ed1n nh\u00f3m k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng quay l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, trong khi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u201c\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p\u201d v\u00e0 \u201ctr\u1edf l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00ec c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 m\u01b0u sinh\u201d trong nh\u00f3m lao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng r\u1eddi TP. HCM kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c nhau nhi\u1ec1u (45.5% v\u00e0 40.6%), 56.6% ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t trong nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n theo h\u01b0\u1edbng \u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea, trong khi b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 (63.8%), t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n \u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng cao h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 khuy\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n n\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn (39.6% so v\u1edbi 34.5%).<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 7, nhi\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ed3 \u1ea1t r\u1eddi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 d\u1ecbch Covid-19 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea. (Ngu\u1ed3n \u1ea3nh: T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean)<\/em><\/p>\n

D\u1ef1 b\u00e1o t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh lao \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m<\/strong><\/p>\n

Theo k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1i TP. HCM s\u1ebd b\u1ecb thu h\u1eb9p, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 v\u00e0 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 tham gia l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 tr\u1ebb t\u1eeb 15 \u2013 24 tu\u1ed5i s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng do t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p gia t\u0103ng. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ebb c\u0169ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 t\u0103ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 tham gia l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u1edf n\u1eef gi\u1edbi c\u0169ng s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c ch\u1eadm c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ngh\u1ec1 t\u1eadp trung nhi\u1ec1u lao \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1eef.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o kh\u00e1c trong ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n c\u0169ng kh\u00e1 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c. T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, s\u1ed1 gi\u1edd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u0169ng s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m. N\u1eef gi\u1edbi, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng trung ni\u00ean, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m lao \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i b\u1edfi d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh trong th\u1eddi gian t\u1edbi. V\u1ec1 v\u1ecb th\u1ebf l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng \u0103n l\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nh\u00f3m lao \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00e0 g\u00e2y \u00e1p l\u1ef1c cho ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i sau n\u00e0y. V\u1ec1 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, s\u1ed1 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m, \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1ed1 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m y t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean.<\/p>\n

Tuy v\u1eady, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c nhau, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0nh s\u1ebd h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c nhanh v\u00e0 s\u1edbm h\u01a1n c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng l\u00ean v\u1ec1 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o; th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng; ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7; gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 y t\u1ebf. C\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 b\u00e1n bu\u00f4n, b\u00e1n l\u1ebb, mua b\u00e1n s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa m\u00f4 t\u00f4, \u00f4 t\u00f4; v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i kho b\u00e3i; d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 l\u01b0u tr\u00fa v\u00e0 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng. C\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 khai kho\u00e1ng; cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u01b0\u1edbc; t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m;\u00a0 Dubai Palace casino thể thao, casino, slot game, bắn cá, xổ số b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 Dubai Palace casino thể thao, casino, slot game, bắn cá, xổ số kh\u00e1c; c\u01a1 quan Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc; ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt vui ch\u01a1i gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 gia \u0111\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o \u00edt c\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd mang t\u00ednh t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi, c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u v\u1ec1 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c thay \u0111\u1ed5i khi n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u2013 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho TP. HCM<\/strong><\/p>\n

*Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f4ng<\/em><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ea1o th\u00eam vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111em l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c l\u1ee3i \u00edch x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. C\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t phi th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbn c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tham gia c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong nh\u00f3m lao \u0111\u1ed9ng phi ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c do \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch Covid19.<\/p>\n

Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp hay t\u1ea1o vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 3 l\u1ee3i \u00edch: (1) t\u1ea1o vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u00f3m y\u1ebfu th\u1ebf; (2) \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, t\u1ea1o thu nh\u1eadp t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi; v\u00e0 (3) t\u1ea1o l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u00f4ng\/c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf. Khi th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp s\u1ebd thu h\u1eb9p.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m cho nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Quy m\u00f4, l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, th\u1eddi gian, \u0111\u1ed9 bao ph\u1ee7, m\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

*Thu h\u00fat ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c<\/em><\/p>\n

Hai nh\u00f3m c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch thu h\u00fat ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0 (1) d\u00f9ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch kinh t\u1ebf, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 (2) d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kinh t\u1ebf h\u00e0nh vi, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o t\u00e2m l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kinh t\u1ebf h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc OECD. Nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ee9ng minh cho c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kinh t\u1ebf h\u00e0nh vi c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 quay tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong khu v\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c. Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch thu h\u00fat lao \u0111\u1ed9ng quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch trong ng\u1eafn v\u00e0 trung h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch kinh t\u1ebf, g\u1ed3m hai nh\u00f3m:<\/p>\n