{"id":3577,"date":"2017-10-31T13:42:41","date_gmt":"2017-10-31T06:42:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/se.dotv.vn\/?p=3577"},"modified":"2017-10-31T15:22:52","modified_gmt":"2017-10-31T08:22:52","slug":"kinh-te-hoc-hanh-vi-hai-giai-nobel-va-hanh-trinh-tu-thap-nga-di-vao-thuc-tien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/se.dotv.vn\/vi\/kinh-te-hoc-hanh-vi-hai-giai-nobel-va-hanh-trinh-tu-thap-nga-di-vao-thuc-tien\/","title":{"rendered":"Kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh vi: Hai gi\u1ea3i Nobel v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh t\u1eeb \u201cth\u00e1p ng\u00e0\u201d \u0111i v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n"},"content":{"rendered":"

Gi\u1ea3i Nobel kinh t\u1ebf n\u0103m 2017 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao cho Richard Thaler v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh vi trong su\u1ed1t 20 n\u0103m qua. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00f3m \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng khoa h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh vi v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 t\u01b0. C\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng Thaler \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean l\u00fd r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh vi l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh ch\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gh\u00e9p t\u1ea1ng. B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Ch\u1ee3 R\u1eaby th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 2.900 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd hi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh sau khi m\u1ea5t \u0111i. Trung t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 gh\u00e9p B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Vi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ee9c c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 3.900 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd hi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1ng [1]. Nhu c\u1ea7u gh\u00e9p t\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t xa. L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 thu h\u1eb9p kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y? Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch chung \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n hi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi l\u00f2ng nh\u00e2n \u00e1i. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng d\u00f9ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan ni\u1ec7m \u201cch\u1ebft to\u00e0n th\u00e2y\u201d c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c: t\u1ea1o l\u1eadp th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho ph\u00e9p mua b\u00e1n n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1ng. H\u1ecd l\u00fd lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1edbn, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cung s\u1ebd t\u0103ng. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp t\u0103ng th\u00eam, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh. Tuy nhi\u00ean gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ea3 thi v\u00ec c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c ngu\u1ed3n cung. Kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0o tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c mua b\u00e1n t\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/p>\n

GS. Richard Thaler, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh vi,
\n\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao gi\u1ea3i Nobel n\u0103m 2017. Ngu\u1ed3n \u1ea3nh:\u00a0(Reuters\/Kamil Krzaczynski)<\/em><\/p>\n

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Kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh vi c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u00f3c b\u00faa n\u00e0y. Khi ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng duy l\u00fd, t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 thi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t m\u1ecdi kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 trao cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh sau khi m\u1ea5t \u0111i, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea3n \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd hi\u1ebfn n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y theo m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c. Trong m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Science n\u0103m 2003 [2], Johnson v\u00e0 Goldstein, \u1edf \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Columbia, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd hi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1ng \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u cho th\u1ea5y n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd hi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1ng s\u1ebd th\u1ea5p (th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 4.2% \u1edf \u0110an M\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 cao nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 27.5% \u1edf H\u00e0 Lan). Trong khi n\u1ebfu quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1eb7c nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n hi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1ng, n\u1ebfu ai kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n th\u00ec l\u00e0m \u0111\u01a1n xin r\u00fat lui, th\u00ec t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd hi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1ng \u1edf m\u1ee9c r\u1ea5t cao (85.9% \u1edf Th\u1ee5y \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 tr\u00ean 99% \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00c1o, Ph\u00e1p, Hungary, Ba Lan hay B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha). \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m l\u00fd con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u00e1m v\u00edu v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn trong l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y. Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ecdn tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, v\u0103n h\u00f3a, hay gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng hi\u1ebfn n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c hay kh\u00f4ng. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111i v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u1edf Ph\u00e1p: Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng qua lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2017 c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 s\u1ebd t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n hi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1ng khi ch\u1ebft [3], ai kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n

Kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh vi l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc. Kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng lu\u00f4n gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 duy l\u00fd, c\u00f3 s\u1edf th\u00edch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, lu\u00f4n t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a l\u1ee3i \u00edch b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, c\u00f4ng ty v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. C\u00f2n c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u01b0a ra b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng khoa h\u1ecdc cho th\u1ea5y con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7y thi\u00ean ki\u1ebfn, nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft m\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n g\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. H\u1ecd cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o h\u00e0nh vi, v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ebfu b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c quy lu\u1eadt t\u00e2m l\u00fd.<\/p>\n

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Gi\u00fap t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch<\/strong><\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3i Nobel Kinh t\u1ebf 2017 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao cho Richard Thaler \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 l\u00ean ng\u00f4i c\u1ee7a Kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh vi. Th\u1ef1c ra Kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c l\u00ean ng\u00f4i c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 15 n\u0103m v\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i Nobel c\u1ee7a Daniel Kahneman (chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi Vernon Smith cho kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m). C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i hai gi\u1ea3i Nobel cho c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng-c\u00f2n-ngo\u00e0i-l\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh vi hay \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn v\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1eadc c\u1ee7a chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y? Hai cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Kahneman v\u00e0 Thaler c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y [4]. \u201cSuy ngh\u0129, nhanh v\u00e0 ch\u1eadm\u201d c\u1ee7a Kahneman gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb thi\u00ean l\u1ec7ch ra sao, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u00e3o b\u1ed9 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh suy ngh\u0129 t\u1eeb hai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng 1 cho suy ngh\u0129 nhanh, c\u1ea3m t\u00ednh v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9a c\u1ea3m x\u00fac trong khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng 2 d\u00e0nh cho suy ngh\u0129 ch\u1eadm v\u00e0 logic. \u201cC\u00fa hu\u00fdch\u201d c\u1ee7a Thaler \u00edt thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt h\u01a1n, \u00edt t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nguy\u00ean l\u00fd t\u00e2m l\u00fd m\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3i Nobel l\u1ea7n 2 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh vi t\u1eeb th\u00e1p ng\u00e0 h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt \u0111i v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u201cC\u00fa hu\u00fdch\u201d c\u1ee7a Thaler, \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u1edbi Cass Sunstein, xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 2008, th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ee3i \u00fd cho gi\u1edbi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch m\u1edbi. V\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u00f3 l\u1ed3ng gh\u00e9p c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi s\u1ebd hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. N\u0103m 2010, Thaler \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh Nh\u00f3m ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c h\u00e0nh vi \u1edf Anh (UK\u2019s Behavioral Insights Team – UKBIT) c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 gi\u00fap t\u0103ng t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ra ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Anh. Th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u1edf H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, Hoa K\u1ef3, Canada, \u0110\u1ee9c, \u00dac, Singapore v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 Li\u00eanHhi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c, Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c Kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1eddng ni\u00ean c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u0103m 2015 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 \u201cT\u00e2m tr\u00ed, X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 H\u00e0nh vi\u201d, t\u1eadp trung th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c kinh t\u1ebf h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y thay \u0111\u1ed5i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

Kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1nh \u201cthu\u1ea7n t\u00fay\u201d c\u1ee7a kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u01a1n b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ra r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 y t\u1ebf, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, thu\u1ebf v\u00e0 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c Kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n (OECD) n\u0103m 2014 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00e3 tham gia v\u00e0o h\u01a1n 60 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c nhau [5]. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u00e1c s\u0129 k\u00ea toa thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u1edf Anh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 minh h\u1ecda cho xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng sinh qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng kh\u00e1ng sinh, g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 y t\u1ebf c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ki\u1ec3m tra hay th\u1ea3 n\u1ed5i cho th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng y t\u1ebf ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng, n\u0103m 2015 b\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf Anh k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c h\u00e0nh vi (UKBIT) th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 \u201cQuy t\u1eafc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m vi\u1ec7c k\u00ea toa kh\u00e1ng sinh qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c. C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean l\u00fd con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u00ednh to\u00e1n duy l\u00fd m\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi xung quanh – m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd b\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e0n. Nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi th\u00f4ng tin toa k\u00ea \u00edt kh\u00e1ng sinh h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng b\u00e1c s\u0129 kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1ebd k\u00ea toa gi\u1ea3m 3.3% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng sinh so v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf Anh \u0111\u01b0a ra quy tr\u00ecnh g\u1eedi th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u00ea toa, t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t \u201cc\u00fa hu\u00fdch\u201d t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u00e1c s\u0129 gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng sinh kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n [6].<\/p>\n

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TS Ph\u1ea1m Kh\u00e1nh Nam \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ea7u \u1edf \u0110BSCL. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam r\u1ea5t cao v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn n\u1ebfu d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c: cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. \u1ea2nh: C\u00e2y c\u1ea7u do ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n t\u1ef1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1ea1i B\u1ebfn Tre. Ngu\u1ed3n: Ti\u1ec1n phong.<\/em><\/p>\n

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T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/strong><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u bi\u1ebft t\u1edbi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh vi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2004, v\u1edbi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean do m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u thu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Washington th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 \u01b0a th\u00edch th\u1eddi gian, hay su\u1ea5t chi\u1ebft kh\u1ea5u x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t [7]. Tuy nhi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i t\u1edbi n\u0103m 2010, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh vi m\u1edbi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1edbi kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00f2ng tin, s\u1ef1 \u01b0a th\u00edch v\u1ecb th\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi r\u1ee7i ro, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c, c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c, l\u00f2ng nh\u00e2n \u00e1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

\u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh vi, v\u00ec ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 cho vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f4ng, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, hay qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u1ea1i \u0110BSCL v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n [8].Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u b\u1eafc qua m\u1ed9t s\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf \u1edf t\u1ec9nh B\u1ebfn Tre. V\u00ec c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng, ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n b\u1ecf ra chi ph\u00ed n\u00ean kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n x\u00e2y c\u1ea7u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c (\u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p) c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1 cao, cao h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c trung b\u00ecnh tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n, s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1ecf trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c: cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn 20%. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u0169ng th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p, m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m cho th\u1ea5y c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng n\u1ebfu thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n, l\u00fac n\u00e0y nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tinh th\u1ea7n h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c cao s\u1ebd b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp cho nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc l\u1edbn \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, TP. HCM v\u00e0 C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1 \u0111ang h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh vi r\u1ea5t n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng.Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Kinh t\u1ebf Tp. HCM \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp hai ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh vi, v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m Z-tree \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t h\u00f3a, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. N\u0103m 2016 qu\u1ef9 NAFOSTED \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 \u01b0a th\u00edch r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam hay ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kinh t\u1ebf h\u00e0nh vi v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 v\u1ebb c\u00f2n kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn. \u0110i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 v\u1edbi b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i S\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng cho Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n (EfD Initiative) v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Gothenburg \u0111ang thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y cho c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. S\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00e1c \u201cc\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7\u201d qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f2n ng\u1eadp ng\u1eebng nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea7y quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh vi \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, hy v\u1ecdng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p gia t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c thi ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch, c\u1ea3 \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u0129 m\u00f4 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 vi m\u00f4 trong c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Ph\u1ea1m Kh\u00e1nh Nam hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Trung t\u00e2m M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng cho Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n (EfD-Vietnam) thu\u1ed9c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Kinh t\u1ebf TP.HCM. TS. Nam c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u00e0nh vi thu\u1ed9c Di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n tri th\u1ee9c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng xanh (Green Growth Knowledge Platform), m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a UN, OECD v\u00e0 WB. L\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a TS. Ph\u1ea1m Kh\u00e1nh Nam l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh vi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean. Anh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed khoa h\u1ecdc uy t\u00edn nh\u01b0 Journal of Public Economics, Oxford Economics Paper, Journal of Economic Psychology hay Journal of Development Studies.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/strong><\/p>\n

[1] S\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u201cH\u01a1n 6,800 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd hi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1ng\u201c tr\u00ean b\u00e1o Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, ng\u00e0y 08\/02\/2017,\u00a0http:\/\/www.nhandan.com.vn\/suckhoe\/item\/32010602-hon-6-800-nguoi-dang-ky-hien-tang.html<\/p>\n

[2] Johnson, E. & Goldstein, D. 2003. Do defaults save life? Science Vol. 302, Issue 5649, pp. 1338-1339.<\/p>\n

[3] Th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean b\u00e1o the Guardian ng\u00e0y 2\/1\/2017 v\u1edbi ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cFrance introduces opt-out policy on organ donation\u201d, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 quan b\u00e1o ch\u00ed qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf kh\u00e1c d\u1eabn l\u1ea1i,\u00a0https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/society\/2017\/jan\/02\/france-organ-donation-law<\/p>\n

[4] Kahneman, D. 2011. Thinking, Fast and Slow. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. New York v\u00e0 Sunstein, C. & Thaler, R. 2008. Nudges. Yale University Press.<\/p>\n

[5] OECD. 2014. Behavioral Economics and Regulatory Policy. OECD Publishing, Paris.<\/p>\n

[6] OECD (2017), Behavioural Insights and Public Policy: Lessons from Around the World, OECD Publishing, Paris.<\/p>\n

[7] Anderson, C., Dietz, M., Gordon, A., Klawitter, M. 2004 Discount rates in Vietnam. Economic Development and Cultural Change, Vol. 52, No. 4, pp. 873-887.<\/p>\n

[8] Carlsson, F., Johansson-Stenman, O & Nam, P.K. 2015. Funding a new bridge in Vietnam: A field experiment on conditional cooperation and default contribution. Oxford Economic Papers, Vol. 67 (4): 987-1014.<\/p>\n

(Theo tiasang.com.vn<\/em><\/span>)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Gi\u1ea3i Nobel kinh t\u1ebf n\u0103m 2017 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao cho Richard Thaler v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh vi trong su\u1ed1t 20 n\u0103m qua. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00f3m \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng khoa h\u1ecdc","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3582,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[107],"tags":[322,316,310,312,320,318,314],"acf":[],"lang":"vi","translations":{"vi":3577},"pll_sync_post":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/se.dotv.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3577"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/se.dotv.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/se.dotv.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/se.dotv.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/se.dotv.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3577"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/se.dotv.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3577\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3589,"href":"https:\/\/se.dotv.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3577\/revisions\/3589"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/se.dotv.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3582"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/se.dotv.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3577"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/se.dotv.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3577"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/se.dotv.vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3577"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}